- This is a compound module in which six components are aggregated. A modular summary of these constituent modules is given in the form of a table of contents. All constituents are connected to this complex module by means of a link, which is indicated in the text as, for example,
.
- This module is the first module encountered by readers who consult the article as a whole; it is a starting point of both the complete sequential path and the essay-type path. There is a second starting point of the essay-type sequential path in the Abstract m1d.
- All meta-modules (and constituent modules) are connected to all `scientific content modules' (and constituent modules) in the article by means of a link expressing an administrative relation: meta;info .